This study analyzes Rwanda's higher education system, identifying critical gaps in program offerings, delivery modes, and regional competitiveness. Rwanda's gross tertiary enrollment ratio is approximately 8%, indicating that only about 8% of the eligible population is enrolled in tertiary education, which is low compared to other African nations. Most institutions and students are concentrated in undergraduate programs, with postgraduate (Master's/PhD) output extremely low. We review the availability of bachelor's, master's, and doctorate programs across fields of study, noting shortages in advanced degrees
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